Response of Spring Wheat (Triticum aestivum) to Deficit Irrigation Management under the Semi-Arid Environment of Egypt: Field and Modeling Study

In many areas of the world, water shortages prevail and threaten food production. Deficit irrigation was commonly investigated in dry as a precious sustainable production approach. Using CropSyst model to simulate effects different deficit treatments could help draw conclusions save time, effort, money. Therefore, aims this research were (i) calibrate validate for wheat under sustained phenological stage-based treatments, (ii) impacts latter on limiting yield reduction. Two field experiments conducted Nubaria (Egypt), representing an arid environment. They included seven treatments: (1) 100%, (2) 75%, or (3) 50% crop evapotranspiration (ETc) during whole cycle; (4) ETc at tillering only, (5) booting (6) grain filling (7) both filling, with replenishment 100% remaining stages. The results revealed that resulted lower reduction compared 6% when applied stage. Wheat loss reduced 4 95 90% applied, respectively. accurately simulated total matter low RMSE value. conclusion, can be reliably used evaluating strategy planned management terms